JavaScript : How does it works? and What it does?

In this article, we will be discussing What is JavaScript? and What it does? with the help of some examples. So let's first try to answer one question i.e. What is JavaScript?

So, first let's get one thing away that JavaScript has nothing to do with Java. JavaScript is not Java. In fact, these are the most popular languages, with similar names is unfortunate, because they really have nothing to do with each other.

But like Java, JavaScript is also a programming language and probably the most popular and widely used in the world now. So What does JavaScript do? Well ! as said earlier JavaScript is a programming language and what that effectively means is that it allows you to program or you can think of it is possible bossing around the web.

You can use it either to program web browsers, you can also use it to program servers, in this article we will be looking at examples and mostly talking about things that are client side only but as far as the language itself everything you learn about JavaScript will be applicable to programming a web browser or working with technology is like a node or the server-side JavaScript environments.

JavaScript creates interactivity. So that means it allows things in the browser which would previously in the early days of the web generally static that is your page would download, it would load some images and really the only moment or the changes you might see would be in the form of animation or something on those lines.

JavaScript lets you create very rich interactivity. These days JavaScript is taking over for areas of interactivity that maybe 5 or 6 years ago were entirely done with flash.

But JavaScript has the advantage of working on many modern mobile devices, so if you are looking at a website on phone or other forms of mobile computing platforms and you would see interactivity where things are moving around or there are visual effects things like that and if it is working on those devices then they have been created using JavaScript.

If you really want to see some of the things that JavaScript does then try disabling JavaScript in your browser at some point and observe browsing a web and watch what happens. A lot of things kind of disappear or kind of break or if they work, they work in different ways.

Ideally, websites would be built so that JavaScript is not required because there are a lot of environments where it does not work. That's a technique which we call progressive enhancement. But you would certainly see a lot of modern websites the things that just absolutely do not work or do not completely inaccessible when a JavaScript is turned off.

So let us take a look at some of the examples:

For Example, JavaScript is all over the place on Twitter. We have simple things like being able to expand the tweets to see the retweets that are in JavaScript. A sign-in box is in JavaScript. Scroll down the page at a certain point more tweets load automatically it is also done using JavaScript, even we can pull in a photo so already everywhere JavaScript is used. The slideshow on the home page, little visual sliding effects this also done using JavaScript.

Let us try to watch this website by disabling JavaScript again and when it reloads the website will also show a message that the JavaScript is not active in your browser. You will find out that the slideshows are not working. If you reload twitter, you cannot get to sign in a box, you can see tweets but at a certain point at the bottom it starts spinning continuously, scrolled will spin forever.

There are other examples of JavaScript all over the web. Like web game = cut the rope, Google maps are also built using JavaScript and other technologies but no flash.

it has been used extensively all over the web.

I hope you I helped you!!!

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Introduction to Cookie? How They evolved on Internet?

If you read the news every now and then, you have probably heard of cookies on the internet. But what actually is a Cookie?

When cookies were invented they basically were little documents containing helpful information about you and your preferences. For Example:- Assume that you are trying to select a certain language for a website you would visit. At that time you would tell the website that I would like to view your website in say English. The website then sends that information to a little document called as a cookie on your computer.

So thus the next time when you try to visit that website, then it would be able to read the cookie it saved earlier. That way the website could remember your language and let you view the website in English, without you having to select your language again.

Really easy right? But wait! the cookies are not limited to remembering just your language. But in fact, a cookie can contain pretty much any kind of information; it can contain the time you visited a website or it can contain the items you added to your shopping cart. It can even contain all the links you clicked on a certain website, much like having a track on the internet.

A cookie can only contain so much text, but apart from its size, the possibilities are endless. What exactly is saved to a cookie is up to the creator of the website you are visiting. Now, in contrast to the stuff a cookie can contain there, there are limits to who can read your cookies. Imagine that you first visit the website that we talked about earlier and you told that website that your language is English. This is then saved to a cookie on your computer. If you would then visit a different website later, then the latter would not be able to read the cookie from the first website. In simple words, we can say that only the same website that saves information to a cookie can access it.

Since the beginning of cookies, the popularity of these clever little helpers exploded and they gradually evolved into a more complex, yet essential part of the internet. During the evolution, the amount of data cookies contained started to grow. At first, they contained just a few preferences like your language and maybe your preferred layout for a website. But soon the developers realized that the more information they could store about you, the better you could suit your needs. So cookie started containing more and more data and eventually started pushing their size limitations.

Subsequently, developers came up with a clever workaround i.e. what if they would simply store a unique id in a cookie on your computer and save the rest of the data in their own system? That way they could save the unlimited amount of the data. The cookie would simply serve as an identifier for your computer, using which website can recognize you and look up your data in its own system.

This was the first leap towards so-called third-party cookies. As mentioned earlier only the same website that saved data to a cookie can access it later. But one website can actually contain bits of another website. These bits and pieces of other websites embedded in the website you are visiting are actually able to access cookies they saved to your computer earlier.

Imagine visiting a new website, apart from news articles, many news websites contain a couple of ads. These ads are in most of the cases bits of other websites, embedded into the news website. Now the news website you are looking at may not have saved any cookies to your computer and thus know nothing about you. But where do the ads come from?

It is not unlikely that the ads on the news website are embedded from the same website as the ads on another website you visited earlier. In fact, you may visit dozens of websites with ads which are all embedded from the same website.

So what does this means? This means that if the website the ads come from has saved a cookie to your computer earlier, it cm identify you and save information about you through other websites. So while you are reading that news website, shopping for new items, looking up for some information or reading a blog etc. the ads on those websites can identify you,  look up your information in their own system and dynamically show ads that you are most likely to be interested in while simultaneously solving information about what you are doing online.

So Is this a bad thing? Are the cookies dangerous? That depends really upon the creators of a website to determine what information they do and do not store and most importantly what they use that information for.

Cookies are just a tool. Just like a hammer or a saw they can be used for bad things, but they are intended to be used for good things . The responsibility lies with the people putting them to use.

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• Difference between Hub, Switch and Router Difference Between Web Designer and Web Developer

Difference between Hub, Switch and Router

In this article, we are going to see the difference between a hub, switch, and router. All these 3 devices are similar but there is a difference between the way in which they handle the data. So let's first talk about a hub.

Hub:-

The purpose of the hub is to connect all of your network devices together on an internal network. It is a device that has multiple ports that accept Ethernet connections from network devices. Now a hub is considered not to be intelligent. Because it does not filter any more data or has any intelligence as to where the data is supposed to be sent that is because the only thing hub knows is when a device is connected to one of its ports. So when a data packet arrives at one of the ports it is copied to all of the other ports. So all the devices on that hub see that data packet. So again a data packet comes into one port then the hub will just copy the data to all other ports to which devices are connected.

So even if one computer on the network only wants to communicate with another computer then the other computers will still receive the data, even though the data was not intended for them. So when this situation occurs then it not only creates security concerns but also creates unnecessary traffic on the network which wastes bandwidth.

Switch:-

It is very similar to the hub. It is also a device that has multiple ports that accepts Ethernet connections from networks devices. But unlike a hub, a switch is intelligent. A Switch can actually learn the physical addresses of the devices that do not really connected to it and it stores these physical addresses called Mac addresses in its switch table. So when a data packet is sent to a switch it is only directed to the intended destination port, unlike a hub where hub broadcasts the data to every port.

So as an example assume that there is a network and one computer on a network wanted to communicate to another computer then the data packet arrives at a switch and then the switch will look at its table containing Mac addresses and matching ports and deliver the data packet to the correct port. And then the data packet would go to only that computer so that is a major difference between a hub and a switch.

So as a result switches are far more preferred over hubs because they reduce any unnecessary traffic on the network.

As a review, we can say that a hub will only detect that device which is physically connected to it and a switch can detect specific devices that are connected to it because it keeps the record of the Mac addresses of those devices.

Hub and switches are used to exchange data with a local area network for ex: in your home network or in your business. They are not used to exchange data outside their own network. Such as route on the internet because to exchange data such as route outside their own network to another, a device needs to be able to read IP addresses and hub and switches do not read IP addresses. So that is where a router comes into the picture.

Router : -

A router does exactly what its name implies. A router is a device that routes data from one network to another based on their IP address. When a data packet is received from a router the router inspects the data's IP address and determines if the packet was meant for his own network or if it is meant for another network. If the router determines the data packet is meant for its own network then it receives it.

But if it is not meant for its own network then it sends it off to another network. So a router is a gateway of a network. For ex : assume that you have a private network with its router and will refer to this as XYZ network. Also, consider that there are different data packets which represent different IP addresses and they are going to be entering in the XYZ network from the internet. Now the router will be going to accept the data packet with XYZ. Because they are the only ones that are intended for this network and all of the other data packets with different names will be rejected by this router because they were not intended for this network because their IP addresses were not meant for this network.

You can consider an expanded view of the routers over the internet. Suppose there are 5 routers indicated by different names and each network has their own router along with hubs or switches along with the computers. So you can imagine that each network is exchanging information in their own network. Their data will not go out on the internet.

So the computer sends their data and it goes to the network's router and once the data packet reaches its router, the router will lookout for an IP address of the data packet and then forward the data out on the internet to the next router and then makes its way to the PQR network router and then to the intended destination computer.

So, in a nutshell, this is how routers work. So the conclusion is: Hubs and switches are used to connect networks.

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Difference Between Web Designer and Web Developer

7 Best Web Hosting company for Indian Websites
Differences between SQL and NoSQL ExplainedConfused Between Free Vs. Paid Web Hosting ? Let Me Us YouFree Vs. Paid Web Hosting
Websites Vs. Web Applications

What is SEO and its types? Web Hosting Your Website ? Read it Before You Start Your Online Business

Difference Between Web Designer and Web Developer

The reason for writing this article is that a lot of people are still confused between a Web Designer and a Web Developer. They don't know the difference between a Web Designer and a Web Developer i.e. What does a Web Designer do? or What does a Web Developer do?

Peoples often use these terms interchangeably or they use these terms for referring to a same person i.e. they consider these two terms are same as per the job description. Sometimes larger companies also seem to be confused about these terms. Therefore, in this article, we are trying to define these terms or we are going to discuss these terms as per their job description.

So let's learn about Web Designer:-

A Web Designer is a person who does the graphical design of the website or web application and so we can say that a web designer mainly works in HTML or CSS or use another graphical program like Photoshop or illustrator etc.

A web designer designs the graphical user interface and also designs the different things like icons, typography, Color schemes and all the styles cape of the web page.

Let's learn about Web Developer:-

A Web developer, on the other hand, is usually a development part of the web project. So you have a web developer who does the programming or coding in PHP, Java, or Flash etc. The developer thus ties these things together and also works with the database structure, in case if your site deals with database structure.

The developer does the connection to other websites like Facebook interfacing or Twitter interfacing etc. So a developer engineers the program that makes the website run properly.

Some of you might want to know that Can I hire a person who is both a web designer or web developer? Then the answer is Yes! You can.

These people are called by different names like Hybrid - designer or User Experience Designer and these people usually do both i.e. Web Designing as well as Web Developing and they are usually skilled in user experience i.e. What does the user wants to do on their website and how does the user reach his/her goals? Now more and more people are emerging with these skills.

Usually, a good web designer focuses on the designing part of the website or project. It is good to have someone who really focuses on these graphical part of the website or project and it's really good to have someone who is really sincere about designing. At the same time, it is really good to see someone who is really good at developing a program behind the website or application.

But some people really love doing both i.e. web designing and web developing and they love to be creative i.e. designing the graphical part of the website as well as styling the website. There are some people who think that with this ability you cannot focus on both designing and coding things. They think that there is a lot more to learn in this case, who some people don't like to do. But if you are really interested in doing both the things then you should do it and you will definitely become good with it at some point.

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7 Best Web Hosting company for Indian Websites

There are many hosting providers who offer low-cost hosting but in return, you get very fewer features which hurts your online growth. Therefore, it is very important to choose a hosting provider depending on the following important features:-

1. Uptime

2. server location

3. cost

4. customer support

5. space & bandwidth

6. Local Hosting Provider

Indian Best Web Hosting (Based on Latency Analysis)

In a glance, here are the seven best web hosting companies I recommend for Indian websites.

Web Host	Server Location	Response Time (from India)		Speed Rating	Price
		Bitcatcha	W.P.Test
BlueHost.in	Mumbai	107 ms	117 ms	B	₹259/mo
Hostripples	Pune	109 ms	190 ms	B	₹35/mo
ZNetLive	Noida	118 ms	161 ms	B	₹49/mo
HostingRaja	Mumbai, Hyderabad, Bangalore	86 ms	337 ms	B	₹99/mo
HostGator.in	Mumbai	109 ms	343 ms	B	₹222/mo
BigRock.in	Powai	112 ms	324 ms	B	₹89/mo
FastWebHost.in	Delhi	115 ms	209 ms	C	₹75/mo

1. Bluehost

website- https://www.bluehost.in/

Bluehost India is a sub-brand of Endurance International Group and has been providing a plethora of web services which includes cloud hosting, Linux and Windows hosting, WordPress hosting, VPS, dedicated servers, domain registration and other allied services.

Bluehost has state of art next generation Virtual Private Servers which are powered by Virtuozzo, NetApp, and CentOS. All the servers are backed up by Intel/AMD processors, high-performance RAM, RAID drives etc for optimum performance. Bluehost has a dedicated support team which works 24 hours 7 days a week around the year.

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2. Hostripples

website- https://hostripples.in/

Hostripples has been providing the cheapest price website hosting and allied services for over 5 years with its offices in India and USA. The core competencies of the company include shared hosting, reseller hosting, VPS hosting, Cloud hosting, dedicated servers, email hosting, domain registrations and lots more.

The servers are located in India (Pune) as well as Singapore, Canada, UK, France, Poland and at other locations where they provide a Geo-IP location. The data center boasts of the uninterrupted power supply, hi-end hardware, automatic smoke system, N+1 redundant HVAC, digital video surveillance, multiple network carriers etc.

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3. Znetlive

website- https://www.znetlive.com/

ZNETLIVE started its business operations in the year 2001 and it was founded by Munesh Jadoun. ZNETLIVE has around 11 office spaces in India and abroad with more than 100 employees working round the clock to ensure optimum web services.

The services provided by them includes dedicated hosting based on Windows and Linux platform, Virtual private servers, CMS hosting, Cloud hosting, domain name registration, business email, complete cloud management and lots more.

ZNET has state of art data centers in India, USA, and Germany. The servers used by them include Intel Atom D525, Intel Xeon E3-1230 v3, Intel Xeon E5-2670 and many others.

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4. Hostingraja

website- https://www.hostingraja.in/

HostingRaja has been providing website hosting services in India for over a period of time and has earned the trust of more than 150,000 customers. Website hosting services provided by HostingRaja includes domain registration, VPS based on Linux and Windows platform, Linux and Windows hosting, Java Hosting, dedicated servers, cloud hosting and more.

The hosting provided by them is optimized for LiteSpeed Web server which has built-in anti-DDoS, inbuilt cache, JS/CSS compression for faster loading, Gzip compression and lots more.

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5. Hostgator

website- https://www.hostgator.in/

HostGator was incorporated on October 22nd, 2002 by Brent Oxley in a dorm room in Florida. After a successful stint in the USA, HostGator expanded its business operations and started branches in various countries including India.

HostGator started its business operations in India by opening branches in Mumbai and Banglore in the year 2012 and since then has been providing services like web hosting, cloud hosting, WordPress hosting, VPS, dedicated servers, domain registration and lots more. HostGator servers are located in India thus ensuring better speeds for the users.

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6. Bigrock

website- https://www.bigrock.in/

An ICANN Accredited domain name company, BigRock has been providing a wide range of web services in India for quite a few years. The services provided by them includes domain name registration, email hosting, VPS hosting, website hosting, cloud hosting, website design, dedicated servers and lots more.

All the servers owned by Bigrock comes with built-in or pre-installed web applications like WordPress, Joomla, Magento etc for easy one-click installation. Bigrock servers are from Dell and they boast of features like Dual Quad Core Xeon CPUs w/32 RAM for Windows hosting and Dual Quad Core Xeon CPUs w/62 GB Ram for Linux hosting.

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7. FastWebHost.in

Website: https://www.fastwebhost.in

FastWebHost.in is a privately held web hosting company who ventured in California and extended their service to India and Europe later.

They feature to drag and drop website builder at free of cost with all plans. There are 190+ pre-made templates which you can use to build your site.

They offer 24/7 live chat support. And also there are all-day phone support and support ticket system.

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Differences between SQL and NoSQL Explained

In this tutorial, we are going to discuss differences between SQL and NoSQL at the same time we are going to see the reasons which will help you to select best out of them.

Let's first discuss the Relational Database. We know that in Relational Database things are stored in tables and it came out in 1970s from IBM and then Oracle took it on and really made it a thing. Common databases that are relational are obviously Oracle, MySQL, and Postgres which is an open-source version which is similar to MySQL.

Now let's discuss NoSQL. NoSQL started mostly in early 2000 that's one of the improvements. Mostly Google, FaceBook, Amazon etc. have a huge amount of data to handle therefore thought there may be a different way to do it. So started creating different formats for databases. Thus You have different databases like Key-Value databases, Column Family Databases, Graph Databases and Document Databases.

Key-Value Databases: - Which essentially have a key which you can hash and find your value. For Ex: - There are common databases which are used by Reddit, Amazon SimpleDB etc.

Column Family Databases:- It is also similar to Key-Value databases, in which you are hashing keys to values but instead of hashing keys to single values the keys are hashed to a whole family of columns. Common Column Family Databases are Cassandra etc.

Document Databases: - Which we use in MongoDB. In which whatever you want to put into, you can add it into Document and embed it. You can embed more documents. Basically whatever you want to embed into it, go down as far as you want into a rabbit hole. CouchDB is a common document database.

Graph Databases:- These are more commonly used for really big complex data in which you have a node that can have properties on it and then you have edges that connect to those nodes. The Graph Databases have their own special languages but not many people use them, but they are really good.

Let's see Why so many people like RDBMS's:-

The Big advantages of using RDBMS's are:-

1. Structure:- It is easy to join the table and search for any information through it as these are organized.

It helps in Error checking, enforces relationships. You end up with reduced duplications, Only update in one place.

2. Fast Joins:- Cross-indexed index stores where foreign id's object is in the other table. It is a query optimizer. It supports documentations, Stack overflows. It is stable and also helps in Reporting and analysis across relations.

SQL Databases and NoSQL databases do ACID Compliance.

•  Atomicity:- it is all or nothing i.e. the idea is to do all the transactions or nothing. If any error occurs in between then you will have to reverse or repeat the process.
• Consistency: - All the data written to databases must be valid like Foreign Keys, Data types, Unique, Not Null. Databases should have a unique name.
• Isolation:- Stops collision between multiple changes to the same document.
• Durability:- Once executed, data is immediately saved to disc.
• Transactions let you make complex, multistep actions.
• It provides either all consistency or nothing.

Why people started looking for new ways when they have been using RDBMS's for such a long time?

Because: - They need more speed and large data sets and unstructured data needs to be handled. Large data like - Google, Facebook, Amazon etc.

Benefit's of NoSQL:-

1. Flexibility: - It is flexible enough to store non-structured data. It is easy to change the fields.

2. Easy to use: - It is easy to use and get running.

3. Web-scale:- Non-relational makes easy distributions and fast queries.

4. No Normalization is required, only JSON - Format when you don't have one document with a bunch of nested data. We have all done a lot of relational data with MongoDB it's possible.

5. The Relations are slow and can get messy.

6. Not ACID Compliant

7. Data is less secure against errors and loss and also the data is not immediately persisted.

Confused Between Free Vs. Paid Web Hosting ? Let Me Help You

The first thing that a lot of people want to know when they are starting with their website online is about Web Hosting. They have questions like Do I need web hosting? what kind of web hosting should I choose? The answer to these questions is sometimes easy and sometimes difficult. Today we are going to discuss which web hosting is best: Free Web Hosting or Paid Web Hosting?

What is Web Hosting?

Renting space on the web server for making your website online. Only designing and developing a website is not the thing, you will need to publish all your websites files on the internet so that the people are able to see it. Web hosting helps in publishing your files on the server.

Who are these people which ask such questions - Generally they are families doing family business or small businesses who want to tell the people about their products and services etc.

There are many Best Web Hosting Companies which provide free web hosting as well as paid web hosting.

Free Web Hosting: Free solutions can be used, but it can come with a catch. The free websites also look good. They require very little time for designing if the contents are already with you. Free Hosting initially feels good but afterwards, you feel like as if you are trapped. It may happen that the hosting provider may set some rules/ restrictions on the number of visitor's to your site, means a number of your visitors should not exceed more than a particular number etc. So if your visitor's number increases then they can start charging you.

You are the owner of your website. So don't want anything to mess with it. Free hosting sometimes the hosting providers may ask you to display their banner on your website, which is not a good practice or they may not allow you to register your choice of domain name. They may provide you with their own domain name. Thus the benefits of having a paid version completely outraged by the free version.

Clients need a web hosting because they cannot do it on their own and if their business is in the initial stages then they prefer free hosting, but later on, when the traffic to their sites increases then they want to move on with a paid hosting and it becomes very problematic. Because sometimes your contents may not support the transitions or may require to do a copy paste. Which will not be good for your business.

Free hosting is very limited. You can customize a little bit. You cannot get premium resources as they are not free. They may charge you more when you try to get more customized. This is a big disadvantage of free hosting.

Free hosting providers may provide only an editor but no backend so it is very difficult to customize a website.

Paid Hosting: As the name sounds it is a paid hosting, you are paying for hosting your website. You are using this because you would be able to use a lot of new features that is a lot of customizability and a lot of resources at your system.

If you go for a paid version then the hosting providers will provide you with all the support. You can get a domain name of your choice it's like a one-stop-shop where you will get all kinds of services that are required at affordable prices. If there were 20 visitor's per day visiting your site then they may get converted into 200 visitors per day. Thus the conversion will improve with a paid hosting. Which will be beneficial for your business.

There experts team can provide you with any help at any time. There are various types of web hosting like Shared Hosting, VPS/Cloud hosting, Reseller Hosting, Dedicated Hosting, Business Hosting, Email Hosting, Linux Web hosting, Windows Web Hosting etc. Which can be provided at cheap and reasonable prices. You can select any of the hostings depending upon your needs.

Hostdens is a Best web hosting company with whom I have been associated for a long time. Their services are of great quality. They provide all types of hosting at cheap prices. They have many happy customers.

Some paid web hosting companies also have their data centres located at various places in the world for making it easy to distribute the information at a fast speed to the internet users. You can select the data centres depending upon your geographical location and can increase the speed of your website. It will ultimately increase the uptime and the number of visitors to your site.

If your website is handling some kind of financial data which involves money transfers or any other private data then there may be a possibility of hacking it. In this case, the paid hosting company plays an important role. They help you in purchasing an SSL certificate. Using it your site will become secure and the rate of hacking will also decrease.

From above discussion, I would like to suggest you to go for Paid Web Hosting.